Information about Australia :
information about australia
australia is a stable and culturally diverse country with one of the strongest economies in the world. It is the only country the size of a continent and the largest island in the world and ranks sixth among the largest countries in the world by area. Australia is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world, enriched by indigenous and immigrant cultures.
Australian history:
The Aboriginal people arrived in Australia 50,000 to 60,000 years ago, and the Torres Strait Islanders arrived 10,000 years ago. In 1788, Britain built penal settlements in Australia. In the year 1850 AD, this period was known as the gold rush, which was discovered in Australia and contributed to attracting immigrants to Australia in that era from all over the world. In 1901, the federation known as the "Australian Commonwealth" was formed.
Official logo:
Australia takes the kangaroo, the emu and the golden wedge as its emblem as a symbol of the Australian animal and plant kingdom.
Location :
Australia is located in the southern hemisphere, surrounded by seas on all sides, and the Tropic of Capricorn passes through it. It is bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the east, the Indian Ocean to the west and south, and the Timor Sea to the north, which separates Australia from the Indonesian islands. It is surrounded by several islands, the most important and largest of which is Tasmania in the southeast. It is separated from New Zealand in the southeast by the Tasman Sea.
Population:
Australians are immigrants or descendants of immigrants who have come to Australia from 200 countries since Great Britain established the first settlement in 1788. In 1945, the population of Australia was about 7 million people, mostly Britons, Irish and Scots. Since then, more than 6.5 million immigrants have settled in Australia.
Immigrants have enriched most aspects of life in Australia, including working life, the arts, cooking, science and sport. Immigrants have adapted and are integrated into Australian society that is accepting, tolerant and egalitarian.
cultural diversity :
Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander, and immigrant cultures have shaped Australian society. Since 1996, the number of immigrants from Africa and the Middle East has doubled. 75% of Australians live an urban lifestyle, concentrated in capitals and major coastal cities.
The basic principles of Australia's cultural diversity policy are as follows:
- The Australian Government's commitment to ensuring that everyone has access to the opportunities and services that Australia offers.
- The Australian Government's interest in the economic, commercial and investment benefits of cultural diversity.
- The Australian Government's keenness to promote awareness and acceptance in its efforts to combat racial discrimination with all its might.
Language:
Society, Lifestyle and Shared Values:
Australia strongly adheres to the principle of fairness which ensures that no one is disadvantaged or discriminated against on the basis of their country of origin, cultural heritage, language, gender or religious beliefs. Australian society is an egalitarian society and is committed to the shared principles and values that underpin the Australian way of life, the most important of which are equality, freedom of expression, equality before the law, equality between men and women and equal opportunity.
Law and public order Societal behavior in Australia is governed by a mixture of formal laws and social norms. Everyone in Australia must abide by the laws of the country or face criminal and civil penalties. Serious criminal offenses include: murder, physical assault, sexual abuse of children, violence against persons and property, armed robbery or theft, dangerous driving, possession and use of drugs, fraud, and sex with a minor (the legal age is 16 in NSW, but varies from state to state). Smoking and the use of alcohol are permitted, but there are numerous restrictions on smoking and the use of alcohol in public places.
Arts :
Australia has a vibrant artistic movement that reflects the traditions and culture of the indigenous peoples and the diverse cultures of immigrants, and is enriched by all forms of visual, theatrical, performing, film, dance and music arts. Among Australians' most favorite forms of art are cinema, concerts, art galleries, museums, operas and live theatrical performances.
Food:
Australia has the largest variety of international foods brought by immigrant cultures from Asia, Europe and the Middle East that are distinguished by their high quality and great taste. Several new food industries have been established to cater to the growing Australian taste, diversified by exotic food types and cultures. Australians enjoy a wide range of seafood, which is served ready-made in restaurants or cooked at home. And abound in Australia Italian, Chinese, Indonesian, Japanese, Greek, Thai, French, Arabic and Vietnamese restaurants. Arabic food in particular is witnessing a rapid boom, as Moroccan and Lebanese foods are mixed with local contents and materials in public restaurants, which has been very popular with Australians and other communities.
Health:
Medicare, the Australian health care system operated and funded by the Australian Government, provides
Free healthcare for permanent residents and Australian citizens in government hospitals. There is also a private health insurance scheme that provides health insurance coverage for visitors, employees under contract with Australian employers and diplomats temporarily residing in Australia, known as Overseas Visitor Health Insurance (OVHC). OSHC also provides insurance coverage for international students studying at Australian universities through a wide range of private health insurance companies. The website (http://www.privatehealth.gov.au/healthinsurance/overseas) contains detailed information on Australia's private health insurance system.
tourism :
Beautiful landscapes and wonderful weather, including ancient coastal regions and vivid rainforests, make Australia a favorite and attractive tourist destination. About six million tourists come to Australia annually, attracted by the beautiful beaches, rare plants, friendly people and relaxed environment. There are about 9,700 nature reserves and national parks in Australia. Tourist areas that reflect Aboriginal culture are among the attractions in Australia.
List of Australian universities:
Click here to visit the websites of all Australian universities
States and Territories
1) Australian Capital Territory: It has the country's national capital, Canberra.
2) New South Wales: Its capital is Sydney, the largest city in the country.
3) Victoria: Its capital is Melbourne.
4) Queensland: Its capital is Brisbane.
5) South Australia: Its capital is Adelaide.
6) Northern Province: Its capital is Darwin.
7) Western Australia: Its capital is Perth.
8) Tasmania: Its capital is Hobart.
capital australia
Brief facts:
Official name: Commonwealth of Australia.
Area: 7,692,024 km²
Population: more than 24 million people.
National language: English.
Capital: Canberra.
System of government: a constitutional monarchy.
International Dial Code: +61
Currency: Australian dollar.
Working days and hours: Monday to Friday, and official working hours start from 9 am to 5 pm.
Emergency numbers: – (000) The main emergency number for the fire, police and ambulance, which can be reached from any landline or mobile phone in Australia.
– (112) The secondary emergency number and can be contacted from mobile phones only.
– (106) The emergency number for calling via phone text messages for people who are deaf or have hearing or speech impairments. This service works by means of a telegraph machine (TTY) or through a computer connected to a modem.
Directory of institutions and services: - white pages, paper and electronic: http://www.whitepages.com.au.
Yellow pages, paper and electronic: http://www.yellowpages.com.au.
Local Directory (true local), paper and electronic: http://www.truelocal.com.au.
The ummah directory, both paper and electronic, to serve the Muslim and Arab community: http://www.ummahdirectory.com.au.
Visas and Immigration Requirements: Any non-Australian, non-permanent or temporary resident must obtain an entry visa to Australia. Including Tourist Visa, Business Owner Visa, Athlete Visa, Student Visa and many more. Applications for many types of visas can be submitted online (http://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/) or at Australian embassies and consulates abroad. You can also apply for an Electronic Travel Authority with travel agencies and airlines.
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